2013年1月25日 星期五

台灣新農民的典範—敬悼張木村大哥


這是一篇很難動筆的文章,因為所寫的對象是我親愛的「張大哥」及「張老師」。以往,我們曾風雨無阻、多次並肩站在台北街頭抗爭,那時我稱呼他「張大哥」;運動成功之後,看他欣喜轉變為田間教師,細心及專注的為我們講解農業知識,那時我尊稱他「張老師」,原本想著,他辛苦抗爭了幾乎二十年,好不容易終於把灣寶守護住了,從此應該可以與家人一同快樂過著沒有徵收陰影的日子了,但真想不到,我們的「張大哥」及「張老師」竟然在這時悄然的離去,內心實在是相當的難過,也非常不捨。

2011/4/14,後龍科技園區終結,灣寶的自由之日。賴慧玲攝。

        第一次見到他時,是在他家的大庭院,幾個人隨意拿著小板凳,圍成一圈,就這麼熱切討論起灣寶土地徵收的問題。剛認識時,張大哥其實話不多,靜靜的在一旁切西瓜,一直要我們多吃一點,反倒是洪箱大姊有比較多的主張。我本以為張大哥對於抗爭有著不同的看法,或者是張大哥不習慣站在人群之前,後來才知道,事實並非如此,張大哥原來是第一代的運動者,當民國八○年代灣寶面臨著被徵收作為科學園區時,張大哥為了保護灣寶及自己的家園,就已經積極上街抗爭,並累積了非常豐富的經驗,他的沈默寡言,或許是龐大壓力長期累積的結果。

近幾年來,苗栗縣政府的腦筋又動到灣寶的頭上,計畫開發名實不符的後龍科技園區。為了反對政府不合理的土地徵收,他帶領灣寶農民屢次北上抗爭,前後共計有十三次,張大哥都是居領導的位置;此外,他也義無反顧的協助苗栗大埔及其他許多面臨著土地即將被徵收的人民,足跡踏遍全台灣,其追求社會公義的堅強信念及行動力,非常讓我感動與佩服。他勇敢的站在總統府、行政院、內政部營建署、環保署前,他也進入各個正式會議場所陳述反對的意見。我的觀察是,不論是在街頭或是在室內、不論他的聽眾是農民或是博士,每當他拿起麥克風時,他的發言內容都相當的有內涵,而且他的論點也很有見地,因此,我每每從他的口中學習到許多新的觀念與語彙,例如「水重要?還是鑽石重要?」這直指農業的重要價值,也表示他對於經濟開發的不同想像;另外,「抗爭,是農民第二專長」,這句話道盡了多少農民的辛酸與悲哀。由他的發言及實踐,我確認了重要「在地知識與智慧」的存在,這與「專業知識」完全不同,卻是公共政策制訂時非常重要、但又時常被忽略的部份。


        除了「在地知識與智慧」之外,我更從張大哥的身體力行中,認知到了土地的多元價值,及農民對於土地的認同與熱愛。他說,「阿公阿嬤告訴我,土地沒有辦法進口」、「保有土地就一定會有希望」、「土地是我們的家、也是我們的生命」,這些話都深深打動我的心,而這不就是當今社會非常欠缺的觀念嗎?在資本主義的洪流底下,許多人把土地當成是投機炒作的商品,把它當成賺錢的工具,惡劣者除了炒自己的土地之外,還想盡各種辦法去毀人田園,強佔別人的土地,灣寶就是苗栗縣政府的一個對象。但是,張大哥、洪箱大姊、及許多灣寶的前輩們卻完全不是這麼想的,他們真心珍愛他們的土地,並把它當成是自己的生命來對待及守護,他們與土地是有著緊密的連結,土地就是他們安身立命之所在。這股力量如同是一股光輝的清流,映照著當今土地投機炒作集團的醜陋、黑暗與邪惡,而張大哥是這股清流的領導者。


        灣寶在抗爭面向之外,更扮演著倡導台灣新農業的角色。張大哥與洪箱大姊積極從事於有機及無毒農業的生產,他們與「台灣主婦聯盟生活消費合作社」簽訂契約,所生產出來的健康農產品,直接銷售予該合作社,嘉惠了許多居住於都市的人們。另外,他們在抗爭成功之後,在許多年輕朋友及在地居民的協助之下,更是組成了「灣寶農學園」,把灣寶轉變成為一個環境生態教育及農事體驗的重要場所,張大哥積極的投入,成為田間管理員,每次農學園的活動,不論是種西瓜、地瓜、水稻,或是農作物成長及收成之時,張大哥都毫不保留的教導學員,並與參加者快樂的打成一片,許多學員因此都尊稱他為「張老師」。這個稱謂,他絕對是當之無愧。


「左一是木村大哥生前來參加有話好說的節目,大家一起開心的拍下這張照片。左二是政大地政系教授徐世榮老師,左三是公視記者林靜梅小姐,右三是農陣的蔡培慧老師,右二是台灣米王崑濱伯,右一是節目主持人陳信聰。」

灣寶的抗爭是目前台灣所有反對浮濫土地徵收中最為成功的一個案例,其已成為許多地方學習的榜樣,如今回想,它的成功絕非偶然,張大哥在這個成功故事中扮演了最為關鍵的角色。謝謝您,我們衷心的感激,感謝您為灣寶及台灣農民的付出,更感謝您為我們創造出這麼美好的新典範!然而,我們也不禁要為您抱屈,人生又有多少的歲月?在您的人生中,這個無道的政府竟然讓您幾乎抗爭了二十年,您怎麼會不累呢?親愛的張大哥、張老師,休息吧,請好好的休息吧,您已經為這個社會付出太多了,未來的路我們會接棒繼續走下去,我們會學您一樣的勇敢及努力,絕對不會讓您失望的。
 
註:張木村大哥不幸於1/18辭世,他的告別式將於1/26上午9點於後龍灣寶舉辦,歡迎大家前來致意,送張大哥最後一程。

2013年1月6日 星期日

Cruel land seizures exploiting the public

After having welcomed in the new year with a night of firecrackers and fireworks, everyone has had to return to the hardships and cruelties of their daily lives.

Some have had to face harsher realities than others, because of the government’s recent high-handed and imperious land seizures: Many people have, in effect, become refugees in their own country.

On Thursday, a group of people who were forcefully removed from their homes summoned the courage to gather outside the Ministry of the Interior in Taipei to protest against the government’s actions.

During the demonstration, they accused the unreasonable and domineering government of violating the Constitution and committing other human rights violations by depriving the protesters of their homes, and leaving them in a state of constant anxiety and concern.

The demonstrators were residents of Leshan Village (樂善村) in Guishan Township (龜山鄉), Taoyuan County. Their calm and peaceful lives were disrupted when the government proposed its plan to build the A7 station of the Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport MRT.

The initiative drained the color from their lives, leaving them in an empty black-and-white void because of the government’s intentions to sweep them brusquely aside and expropriate their land.

Prior to the expropriation proceedings, the government is to hold a “pre-auction,” to auction the land to developers. It is appalling to think that the government will forcefully sell off the land while those who own it are sitting in their homes on that same land.

A very small portion of this land has been set aside for the development of affordable housing, but a much larger area has been designated for industry and construction.

MISINFORMATION

The government is clearly driving up land prices in order to bring in capital and improve its fiscal situation.

Villagers approached the Control Yuan for help and information about the government’s actions. In an investigative report conducted by the Control Yuan, the reason given by the interior ministry for the pre-auction was that without one, the deadline for completion of the MRT station’s construction would likely not be met.

The ministry also said that such a procedure would not harm the rights or interests of those who own the land in the area.

This is nothing but a barefaced lie and the Control Yuan directed harsh criticism at the Cabinet, saying that in the absence of any legislation to support such a move, the unscrupulous pre-auctioning of land that is still the property of private citizens shows a lack of respect for private property rights and also violates fundamental rights guaranteed in the Constitution.

CRITICISM

In its criticism, the Control Yuan also said that this would lead to public fear and unease, resulting in public complaints, and this should not be the kind of policy making up the foundations of a government.

In his new year’s address, President Ma Ying-jeou (馬英九) asked that Taiwanese show tolerance and forgiveness toward each other.

The irony is that what is happening is the stronger parties are bullying the weaker ones, chasing them from their own land, and the main culprit behind this exploitation of the public is the government –– the very one that is led by Ma.

Translated by Perry Svensson

Published in the Taipei Times, 2013/01/06, p. 8.

2013年1月4日 星期五

官兵變土匪


年節剛過,一夜絢爛煙火與爆竹聲響之後,仍須面對殘酷的人生。目前有許多人因土地及家園被政府蠻橫侵奪,成為難民一族,正躲在暗夜裡不斷地哭泣。

這群被迫遷移的國內難民,今天鼓起勇氣聚集於內政部前,嚴正控訴這個鴨霸政府違背憲法及侵害人權,讓他們無家可歸、惶惶不可終日。他們是龜山鄉樂善村居民,他們原本過著平靜生活,卻在政府提出機場捷運A7站區開發計畫之後,人生瞬間從彩色變黑白、甚至變空白,因為政府不僅要徵收他們的土地及房屋,將他們掃地出門,並且在土地徵收尚未完成前,就先行採取「預標售」方式,預先標售予財團與建商。世間竟然有這種駭人聽聞的事?自己還住在家裡,土地卻已經被政府強行標售!

這些土地僅有極少部份被劃做合宜住宅,卻有更大面積做為產業專用區及建築用地,政府明顯帶頭進行土地炒作,以此籌措財源。村民向監察院求助,在監察院調查報告中,內政部的回覆理由為,若未採預標售方式辦理,恐無法配合捷運完工通車之時機,並辯稱這並無損及區內原土地所有權人之權益。這如同是睜眼說瞎話,監察院嚴厲批評行政院,指出在無法令依據之下,政府為達政策目的,竟恣意預先標售尚屬人民之財產,不僅未能尊重人民之財產權,也違反憲法保障人民基本權利,導致民眾恐慌與不安,更造成民怨,實非為政之道的根本。

馬總統元旦祝詞要求國人「相互包容體諒、強者幫助弱者」,但相當諷刺的是,我們實際看到的卻是強者對於弱者的欺壓與驅趕,而且剝削百姓的主角就是他所領導的政府!

發表於《自由時報》,2013/01/04,A21。